The Top 100 Must-Know Python Knowledge Points

Python, with its simplicity, readability, and vast libraries, has become a preferred choice for developers across industries. However, mastering Python requires a solid understanding of its core concepts and functionalities. In this blog post, we’ll delve into the top 100 must-know Python knowledge points that every developer should have in their arsenal.

1-10: Basic Syntax and Data Types

• Variable assignment
• Data types: integers, floats, strings, booleans
• Type conversion
• Arithmetic operators
• Comparison operators
• Logical operators
• Assignment operators
• Bitwise operators
• Input/output functions
• Indentation rules

11-20: Control Structures

• If-elif-else statements
• For loops
• While loops
• Nested loops
• Range() function
• Break and continue statements
• Pass statement
• List comprehensions
• Generator expressions
• Iterators and iterables

21-30: Functions

• Function definition and invocation
• Positional arguments
• Keyword arguments
• Default arguments
• Variable-length arguments
• Scope of variables
• Global and nonlocal keywords
• Recursion
• Lambda functions
• Anonymous functions

31-40: Modules and Packages

• Importing modules
• Importing specific items from modules
• Aliasing imports
• Relative imports
• Creating your own modules
• Packages and subpackages
• __init__.py file
• dir() and help() functions
• Package documentation
• Namespace packages

41-50: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• Class definition
• Object instantiation
• Attributes and methods
• Inheritance
• Method overriding
• Polymorphism
• Encapsulation
• Abstract classes
• Interfaces
• Mixins

51-60: Exception Handling

• Try-except blocks
• Multiple exception handling
• Else and finally clauses
• Raising exceptions
• Custom exceptions
• Exception chaining
• with statement and context managers
• Exception hierarchy
• Handling system exit and keyboard interrupts
• Logging exceptions

61-70: Files and Directories

• Opening and closing files
• Reading and writing files
• File modes (read, write, append, etc.)
• File encoding
• Working with directories
• Pathlib module
• Temporary files and directories
• Serializing and deserializing data
• Pickle module
• CSV files

71-80: Data Structures

• Lists
• Tuples
• Dictionaries
• Sets
• Frozensets
• Collections module: Counter, deque, defaultdict, etc.
• Heapq module
• Array module
• Namedtuples
• Itertools module

81-90: Advanced Concepts

• Generators
• Decorators
• Context managers
• Closures
• Metaclasses
• Dynamic typing
• Duck typing
• List slicing
• String formatting: f-strings, str.format(), % operator
• Memory management and garbage collection

91-100: Libraries and Frameworks

• Standard library: os, sys, json, re, etc.
• NumPy: array operations
• Pandas: data analysis and manipulation
• Matplotlib: data visualization
• Requests: HTTP requests
• BeautifulSoup: web scraping
• Django: web development framework
• Flask: micro web framework
• SciPy: scientific computing
• TensorFlow/PyTorch: machine learning and deep learning

Mastering these 100 must-know Python knowledge points will give you a solid foundation in the language and enable you to tackle complex projects with confidence. However, remember that learning is a continuous process, and there’s always more to explore and discover in the vast world of Python.